OpenSSH has released version 10.6p2 containing a mitigation for a critical vulnerability that permits password authentication bypass on Linux hosts using musl libc with PAM disabled or configured with UsePAM=no.
The flaw allows remote attackers who can reach the SSH service to authenticate without supplying a correct password. When root login via password is permitted, this results in full system takeover. The vulnerability does not affect glibc-based systems, non-Linux platforms, or configurations that rely on PAM for password verification.
Affected Configurations
Exploitation requires all of the following conditions simultaneously:
- Linux distribution built against musl libc (most notably Alpine Linux and its container images)
- OpenSSH compiled without PAM support or launched with UsePAM=no
- PasswordAuthentication set to yes
- Version older than 10.6p2
Distributions and environments at risk also include OpenWRT (when OpenSSH replaces the default Dropbear), postmarketOS, Void Linux musl builds, Chimera Linux, Adélie Linux, and musl profiles in Gentoo.
Response and Recommendations
Damien Miller of the OpenSSH team urges immediate mitigation: set PasswordAuthentication=no in sshd_config (including any Match blocks) and reload the daemon, or disable SSH entirely if patching is delayed. Administrators should also restrict SSH access via firewall rules and review authentication logs for suspicious password-based logins from unknown sources.
The vulnerability was discovered by Özgün Kültekin of Wakefield and disclosed with minimal embargo. Alpine Linux prepared updated packages within hours of the release. Miller noted that AI agents are increasingly rediscovering such issues rapidly, making extended embargoes counterproductive.
Quick verification commands include checking the dynamic linker with ldd $(command -v sshd), confirming PAM usage, and verifying the OpenSSH version.

